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      [杏林中人] 人员问题求解 -五谈药监体制改革

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      樓主
      发表于 2014-10-8 18:51:35 | 只看該作者 回帖奖励 |倒序浏覽 |閱讀模式

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      本帖最后由 杏林中人 于 2014-10-8 18:54 编辑

         藥監體制改革難在何處?不少人都將其歸結于人員與編制問題,都歸咎于增加編制困難,劃轉編制阻力大。基層機構尤其是鄉鎮一級,似乎只有與工商等部門“合體”,否則,人員難題就無法破解。各地的“大呼隆”、“三合一”體制,基本上都是在受制于人員、編制的情況下誕生的。

         10月6日,央广中国之声《新闻纵横》为药监体制改革造势,也可以理解为国务院特急&#8226;明电发出后的媒体跟进。电台报道的题目就是“食药监管地方遭遇人才荒, ‘分家’进程缓慢”。央广节目中说:从九龙治水到一手掌握,当初这个方案各方看好。但相比中央层面改革的快刀斩乱麻,在基层,这一年半过去了,食药监管体制的改革直到今天还是进行时,不止一个地方反映人少活多,困难重重。机构合并,人员构成,专业技能的瓶颈怎么破解?

         中国之声的报道中还以重庆、安徽等地为例,阐述了目前药监改革过程中人员问题非常突出,直接制约了相关改革措施的顺利实施。蚌埠市经济开发区市场监督管理局,全局33人,包括工商系统30人,质监系统2人,原食药系统仅1人,占比为3%。仅餐饮一块,开发区有42家食堂,1000多家大小餐馆,靠食药系统的1人之力,连例行抽查都不可能完成。以现有人员配置,“工商人员查食药”已不可避免。

         药监体制改革肯定面临人的问题,队伍不建起来,工作就没法落实。但到底需要建立多少人的队伍?人员的配备是一步到位还是逐步配齐?人员的结构到底如何设置较为合理?这都是一些关键问题。对这些问题,如果不在调查研究的基础上,有一个相对合理的方案,改革就会举步维艰。

         笔者认为,药监体制的终极目标是依据党的十八届三中全会要求,建立起统一、权威、高效的食品药品监管体系,而“大呼隆”是与这种体系背道而驰的。统一、权威的体系,核心是专业监管,不是依靠人海战术解决问题的。因此,改革需要增加编制与人员,但必须增加的应该是食品、药品、法律等专业人员。增加其他非专业人员,并没有多少实际意义。

         有人会对笔者的观念提出质疑:这么多年来,食品生产与流通的监管,虽然有部分专业人员参加,但主要力量并非“专业”,工作同样开展得有声有色啊!看来,“专业”也就是个伪命题,没有专业,照样搞监管。

         其实,为什么要搞药监改革?解决“专业”问题是重要因素之一。缺乏专业的食品药品监管,监管效率与监管质量都是难以评判的。因此,改革过程中,需要解决人的问题,但首要的并不是人的数量,而是队伍的结构与专业素质。

         不要动不动就说辖区内有多少家单位需要监管,饭店、食堂、超市多少家,如果每家一年检查一遍,需要多少人才够用,……。此类理由,药监部门往往都会向政府与编制部门诉说。政府领导听多了,编制部门听厌了,也就干脆将几家合并了!

         想当初,大多数基层药监部门独立组建时,也就“七八个人,十几条枪”,但并没有影响监管工作的开展。许多药监人认为,药监工作效率与质量最高的时期,恰恰是开始的那几年。后来,人员越来越多,机构也开始膨胀,工作效率不但没有提高,反而有所下降。

         人的潜力是很大的。现在许多的机关里,一个人的事情,分了几个人在忙,结果就是人忙人,什么名堂也没有忙出来。

         监管的方式、方法也是非常值得研究的课题,动不动就谈什么检查的覆盖面,那不是搞科学监管,也不是搞专业监管,而是搞“群众运动”,最后就是劳民伤财。2007年,搞食品专项整治,搞了许多的百分百,结果就成了“三鹿奶粉”事件的发端。

          李克强总理对行政监管的改革很重视。在一次会议上,李总理说:要改革创新监管方式,建立一套科学监管的规则和方法。过去我们在市场监管上,年度检查、月度检查太多了,还时不时搞“大检查”。不是说不可以搞,但问题是查谁不查谁、罚谁不罚谁、罚多还是罚少,随意性太大。在这方面,我们可以借鉴一些国家的做法,对监管对象按确定的比例随机抽查。随机不是随意,而是有规则。比如100家企业,规定每年抽查百分之几,通过“摇号”来确定,被摇上的,就一查到底。也可以委托给第三方去查。一旦发现有违法行为,就要重罚,让违法者无利可图,甚至倾家荡产。同时要建立健全经营异常名录和黑名单制度,把问题企业和违法经营者列进去,用技术手段来保证这个制度的刚性,一旦被列进去,任凭找什么关系、走什么“路子”都抹不掉。一次经营违法,可能终身不能在这个领域从业。有这样一个具有普遍震慑作用的制度,所有企业都感到头上有一把剑,侥幸心理就会越来越少。诚信经营的,半夜不怕鬼敲门;坑蒙拐骗的,说不定哪一天被“摇”上,就要付出难以承受的代价。这样也可以规范政府监管人员的行为,降低监管成本,提高监管效率。

          李总理要求各地在创新监管方面进行探索。药监改革应该在这方面有所突破,纠缠于人的数量,无益于问题的解决!人的问题可以逐步来,但體制、機制問題更重要!



      药徒
      沙發
      发表于 2014-10-8 19:56:18 | 只看該作者
      有效的監管機制是重點啊
      药徒
      板凳
      发表于 2014-10-8 20:35:51 | 只看該作者
      很多事情說起來易,做起來難,如醫改,因此不發表評論
      大师
      地板
      发表于 2014-10-8 20:39:55 | 只看該作者
      能者多勞。大部分是閑人。
      大师
      5#
      发表于 2014-10-8 20:46:43 | 只看該作者
      專業人做專業事。
      药生
      6#
      发表于 2014-10-8 20:48:47 | 只看該作者
      說來說去,總是體制機制
      药徒
      7#
      发表于 2014-10-8 20:59:04 | 只看該作者
      總體說,藥監應該都趨勢于閑人多,專業人少。有的地方,1/3的人的做有益的事。這1/3的人呢又只做1/3的事。
      药士
      8#
      发表于 2014-10-8 21:22:42 | 只看該作者
      應該盡快完善食品藥品監管體系
      药徒
      9#
      发表于 2014-10-8 23:14:15 | 只看該作者
      杏林中人老師是真正的專家,佩服你的觀點和評論的視角

      點評

      謝謝你的鼓勵1  詳情 回複 发表于 2014-10-9 05:20
      药徒
      10#
       樓主| 发表于 2014-10-9 05:20:39 | 只看該作者
      陳欣 发表于 2014-10-8 23:14
      杏林中人老師是真正的專家,佩服你的觀點和評論的視角

      謝謝你的鼓勵1

      點評

      發自真心,我雖然不咋地,但是我佩服的人的確不多  詳情 回複 发表于 2014-10-15 12:54
      药生
      11#
      发表于 2014-10-9 08:26:35 | 只看該作者
      老師評論的很真切,改革難免會留下一些問題,就像早些的國有企業改制,造成了大批的工人下崗。機關改革勢必也會一這樣的問題,所謂魚與熊掌不可兼得。看國外的管理制度,中國也要根據中國的國情來酌情調整。
      12#
      发表于 2014-10-10 09:19:35 | 只看該作者
      體制、機制問題更重要!
      药徒
      13#
      发表于 2014-10-15 12:54:16 | 只看該作者
      杏林中人 发表于 2014-10-9 05:20
      謝謝你的鼓勵1

      發自真心,我雖然不咋地,但是我佩服的人的確不多
      药士
      14#
      发表于 2014-10-31 20:26:17 | 只看該作者
      药士
      15#
      发表于 2014-10-31 20:29:11 | 只看該作者
      藥監體制改革肯定面臨人的問題--------個人認爲,國內很多藥廠有優秀的人才,可以加入到藥監隊伍。
      16#
      发表于 2014-11-3 10:34:30 | 只看該作者
      一针见血,太佩服樓主了
      17#
      发表于 2016-9-11 11:00:38 | 只看該作者
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      A JAPANESE AT HIS TOILET FOR A VISIT OF CEREMONY. A JAPANESE AT HIS TOILET FOR A VISIT OF CEREMONY. Top-side Galah! I prompted Camille to ask if he had ever encountered Ned Ferry, and he laughed. "But if she should be at Wiggins--" "And there is the whole trouble," I added. "She will not let you marry the woman whose--" A port crowded with steamers taking in coal, and very light barks high out of the water, kept in equilibrium by parallel outriggers at the ends of two flexible spars. These crank boats, made of[Pg 124] planks that scarcely overlap, were piled with luggage, and the boatmen jostle and turn and skim close under the fast-steaming transatlantic liners, amid a bewildering babel of shouts and oaths, under a sun hot enough to melt lead. 97 “You tell me who knew the way to get into the captain’s safe and I’ll try to get the emeralds.” The reporter interposed that it was the act of men maddened by grief and their losses. 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The white paper stressed that China continues to build its domestic nonproliferation capacity, actively participating in the international nonproliferation process, promoting international cooperation on peaceful uses of science and technology, and facilitating the improvement of global nonproliferation governance. Chinese modernization follows the path of peaceful development, and China's growth contributes to the growth of the world's peaceful forces. China stands ready to work with all peace-loving countries to build an equal and orderly multipolar world and promote universally beneficial and inclusive economic globalization. It will consolidate and develop the UN-centered international arms control regime, work with all parties to build a community with a shared future for humanity, and create a brighter future for all, according to the white paper. The Chinese Foreign Ministry on Tuesday said the atmosphere of the phone call between Chinese President Xi Jinping and U.S. President Donald Trump on Monday was "positive, friendly, and constructive." At a regular press briefing on Tuesday, Foreign Ministry spokesperson Mao Ning confirmed that the U.S. side had initiated the call. She noted that since the start of President Trump's second term, the two leaders have maintained frequent communication. Mao said the two heads of state exchanged views on issues of mutual concern, stressing that such communication is vital for the stable development of China鈥揢.S. relations. 亚洲 欧美 动漫 另类 自拍【亚洲 欧美 动漫 另类 自拍_性爱a视频亚洲 欧美 动漫 小说 下载_亚洲青亚洲 欧美 动漫 图片 在线观看_真人性视频亚洲 欧美 动漫 图片 在线影院高清视频,啪一啪视频免费看片,亚洲第一色一二三区不卡流畅,瑟瑟大香蕉在线观看,成人岛国片综合网址,大香蕉老师精品电影,岛国看片导航网站,青草剧场免费影院】
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